Venezuela is a lower-middle-income country in Latin America and the Caribbean with 28.5 million people, most of them living in cities. Heat makes up 40% of the energy it uses, below the world average of about 47%.
Natural gas is the largest source of heat (64%), followed by oil (30%). Almost all of the heat, 95%, comes from coal, oil and gas. Electricity makes up 28% of energy use and is generated mainly from hydropower (90%).
The country
| Population | 28.5 million2025 |
|---|---|
| GDP per capita | US$ 3,4902025 |
| Area | 912,000 km²2024 |
| Urban population | 89%2025 |
| Access to electricity | 100%2024 |
| Access to clean cooking | 92%2024 |
| Final energy use | 211 TWh2023 |
Where the energy goes
Final energy use in Venezuela, 2023: 211 TWh.
- Heat40%
- Electricity28%
- Transport32%
Heat in five numbers
| Heatshare of all final energy use | 40% |
|---|---|
| Fossil heatshare of heat that comes from coal, oil and gas | 95% |
| Natural gasthe largest single source of heat | 64% |
| Electricityshare of final energy use, excluding transport | 28% |
| Fossil electricityshare of electricity generated from coal, oil and gas | 10% |
Heat is all fuel and district heating used in industry, buildings and agriculture. Electricity that becomes heat, for example in electric cookers and water heaters, is counted as electricity because no data is available, so the true heat share is somewhat higher.
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