Cuba is an upper-middle-income country in Latin America and the Caribbean with 10.9 million people, most of them living in cities. Heat makes up 62% of the energy it uses, well above the world average of about 47%.
Oil is the largest source of heat (74%). In total, 85% of the heat comes from coal, oil and gas. Electricity makes up 28% of energy use and is generated mainly from fossil fuels (96%).
The country
| Population | 10.9 million2025 |
|---|---|
| GDP per capita | US$ 9,6102020 |
| Area | 109,900 km²2024 |
| Urban population | 77%2025 |
| Access to electricity | 100%2024 |
| Access to clean cooking | 96%2024 |
| Final energy use | 51 TWh2023 |
Where the energy goes
Final energy use in Cuba, 2023: 51 TWh.
- Heat62%
- Electricity28%
- Transport10%
Heat in five numbers
| Heatshare of all final energy use | 62% |
|---|---|
| Fossil heatshare of heat that comes from coal, oil and gas | 85% |
| Oilthe largest single source of heat | 74% |
| Electricityshare of final energy use, excluding transport | 28% |
| Fossil electricityshare of electricity generated from coal, oil and gas | 96% |
Heat is all fuel and district heating used in industry, buildings and agriculture. Electricity that becomes heat, for example in electric cookers and water heaters, is counted as electricity because no data is available, so the true heat share is somewhat higher.
Brazil
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Argentina
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Peru
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Guatemala