Botswana is an upper-middle-income country in Sub-Saharan Africa with 2.6 million people. Heat makes up 44% of the energy it uses, close to the world average of about 47%.
Most of the heat comes from wood and other biomass (74%), followed by oil (21%). In total, 26% of the heat comes from coal, oil and gas. Electricity makes up 16% of energy use and is generated mainly from fossil fuels (100%).
The country
| Population | 2.6 million2025 |
|---|---|
| GDP per capita | US$ 7,7802025 |
| Area | 581,700 km²2024 |
| Urban population | 68%2025 |
| Access to electricity | 80%2024 |
| Access to clean cooking | 71%2024 |
| Final energy use | 24 TWh2023 |
Where the energy goes
Final energy use in Botswana, 2023: 24 TWh.
- Heat44%
- Electricity16%
- Transport40%
Heat in five numbers
| Heatshare of all final energy use | 44% |
|---|---|
| Fossil heatshare of heat that comes from coal, oil and gas | 26% |
| Biomass and wastethe largest single source of heat | 74% |
| Electricityshare of final energy use, excluding transport | 16% |
| Fossil electricityshare of electricity generated from coal, oil and gas | 100% |
Heat is all fuel and district heating used in industry, buildings and agriculture. Electricity that becomes heat, for example in electric cookers and water heaters, is counted as electricity because no data is available, so the true heat share is somewhat higher.
Nigeria
South Africa
Ethiopia
DR Congo
Tanzania
Uganda
Kenya
Angola